The Baseline Characteristics of patients  with COVID-19 and impact of Various Risk Factors on the Outcome of Patients admitted in tertiary care hospital

Samiullah Shaikh¹, Faiza Deedar ², Tarachand Devrajani³

¹Samiullah Shaikh, Professor, Department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical &Health Sciences ,Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan Director Sindh Institute of Endocrinology & Diabetes (SIED), Incharge COVID-Task Force Liaquat University of Medical &Health Sciences Hospital.

²Faiza Deedar  Internist Department of Medicine Liaquat University of Medical &Health Sciences, Jamshoro / Hyderabad Pakistan.

³Tarachand Devrajani: Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro / Hyderabad Pakistan.

*Corresponding Author: Prof. Dr. Samiullah Shaikh, Director Sindh Institute of Endocrinology & Diabetes (SIED), Professor of Medicine , Incharge COVID-Task Force Liaquat University of Medical &Health Sciences Hospital. Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Email: shaikhsamiullah@yahoo.com, Tel: +92-300-3019233

Received date: 21 October, 2021              Accepted date: 12November, 2021                 Published Date: 20 November, 2021 

Citation: Shaikh S (2021). The Baseline Characteristics of patients with COVID-19 and impact of Various Risk Factors on the Outcome of Patients admitted in tertiary care hospital. Sci J Health Sci Res Vol: 1, Issu: 1 (16-27).

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the baseline characteristics  of the patients and impact of various risk factors on the outcome of patients admitted in tertiary care hospital.This Cross-Sectional Descriptive study was conducted at Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro, Sindh Pakistan from April 2020 to September 2020. The patients were included on the basis of diagnosis of COVID-19 confirmed on reverse transcription Polymerase Chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. Categorical variables such as age, sex, Gram-Covid risk category ,diabetes mellitus, hypertension,renal,pulmonary disease,obesity,outcome of patient were presented as frequency and percentage .This study included 235 consecutive patients among which 187(79.6%) were male and 48(20.4 %) female. The age < 65 years were present in 80 ( 34%) and ≥ 65 155(66%)  patients. The most prevalent symptoms were fever ,breathlessness, cough, anorexia, fatigue in all 235(100% ) patients. Severity of illness according to Gram-Covid Score 18 (7.7%)  patients were in low-risk group, 93(39.6%) in moderate risk group and 124 (52.8%) in High risk group.

There were no risk factors in 121(51.5%) , one risk factor in 49(20.9%), two risk factors in32(13.6%) , three risk factors in 18( 7.7%) and four risk factors in 15(6.4%) patients. The outcome of patients showed 57(24.3%)  deaths, 107 (45.5%) patients had prolong stay and 71(30.2%)  patients recovered. A strong relationship was observed between the outcome of patient with age, number of  risk factors, severity of illness according to gram - Covid score whereas insignificant  relationship with the sex of patients.COVID-19 patients clinically present with fever, cough and breathlessness. Majority of patients present with moderate to high severity. Patient with advanced age, high risk on gram-Covid score with multiple comorbidities are particularly susceptible to adverse outcome.

Keywords: Covid-19, Gram-Covid score , Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension, Obesity.