Text should be formatted in Times New Roman font with 10pt size and the alignment should be justified throughout the manuscript except Headings and Title.
Double spaces should be removed in the manuscript.
Sentences should be aligned to the respective paragraph only.
Spaces should not be used in the beginning of paragraph.
Sentences should not start with any numerical value.
Italics should not be used for et al. while mentioning hidden authors name, and the representation should be like et al.
Use hyphen (-) to join or separate two words depending on the requirement. No space is allowed before and after hyphen (-).
Use en dash (–) to represent a span or range of numbers, dates, or time. No space is allowed before and after en dash.
Use en dash (—) in the places of commas, parentheses, or colons based on.
Only first letter of the disease name should be in upper case and remaining name should be in lower case.
Date format: Date, Month, Year.
There should not be periods in between country name acronyms. For example: UK, USA but not U.K., U.S.A
The representation of scientific names should be as follows:
Only binomial nomenclature should be followed.
Scientific names should be mentioned in italics only.
The genus name is always represented with an initial capital letter.
Scientific names
Scientific names should be mentioned in parenthesis when used with common name. For example: "The house sparrow (Passer domesticus) is decreasing in Europe."
Scientific names should be written completely. Except in case of listing several species from the same genus or the same species is repeated, then the genus name is written in full for the first time and abbreviated later on to an initial followed by a period. For example: Canis lupus, C. aureus, C. simensis.
In very few cases, scientific names can be used in abbreviated form directly. For example: E. coli, and T. rex.
If the actual specific name cannot or need not be specified, then the abbreviation "sp." is used. The abbreviation "spp." is a plural form. These abbreviations should not be italicized. For example: Canis sp., Canis spp.
In case of naming gene and protein, gene name should be italicized; protein name need not be kept in italics.
Drug names: Generic names should be in lower case where registered names should start with an upper-case letter.
Space should not be given before and after hyphen in chemical names.
Table content should be aligned centrally where the words/phrases should be intact and properly aligned.
Authors are allowed to use short forms for “That is” and “For example” as “i.e.,” and “e.g.,” respectively.
In case of quoted text, punctuations (except colon and semicolon) should be mentioned inside the quotation marks.
Space is not allowed in front of any punctuation mark.
Paragraphs should end with a full stop.
Usage of parenthesis at the beginning of sentences is not allowed.
Title
Should be in Title case in Times New Roman font, 15pt, Bold with Central alignment.
Full stop should not be used at the end.
“I”, “We” should not be used in the Title (exceptions: Editorials, Letter to Editors, Commentary and Opinion Articles).
Conjunctions, Prepositions should be in lower case.
Words like “in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo, etc.” should be italicized.
Author Details and Affiliations
Author Names
Should be in Title case, Times New Roman, 11pt, Bold, alignment should be justified.
Initials should be there after Last name and names should be separated by comma (,).
Full stop should not be used at the end.
Affiliation number should be in superscript in case of multiple affiliations.
If only one affiliation is there for all the authors, then numbers are not required.
Corresponding author should be highlighted by using an asterisk (*) symbol after the affiliation number. There is no need to put a comma (,) before the asterisk mark.
Affiliations
Should be in Title case, Times New Roman, 10pt, alignment should be justified.
Author designations should not be mentioned.
Full stop should not be used at the end.
City name followed by Pin code/Zip code.
Corresponding Author Details
Heading should be bold and start with an Asterisk (*) symbol and text should be in Times New Roman, 10pt and ends with colon (:).
Should be in Title case, Times New Roman, 10pt, Normal, alignment should be justified.
Corresponding author name, Affiliation and Address should be separated by comma (,) and Telephone, Fax and Emails should be separated by semicolon (;)
Phone, Fax and Emails should be represented as Tel: +0000000, Fax: 000000, Email: abcdef@abc.ab
Full stop should not be used at the end.
For Example: *corresponding author: Dr. Author Name, Designation, Department, University name, University address with country, Tel: +0000000, Fax: 0000000, Email: abcdef@abc.ab
Abstract
Heading: Should be in Title case, Times New Roman, 11pt, Bold, alignment should be justified.
Content: Should be in Sentence case, Times New Roman, 10pt, alignment should be justified.
Abstract should be limited to 250-300 words which should provide the brief information about the background, methodology and the outcome of the study.
Abstract should be presented in a single paragraph and structured abstracts are not allowed. Please follow the specific instruction provided for each journal for details.
It should be free from formulae, acronyms and references/citations.
Graphical Abstracts may be incorporated within the abstract box only wherever needed.